An association between hypercalciuria and renal phosphate leak was first described by Bordier et al., who speculated that a primary defect of phosphate reabsorption at the proximal renal tubule could be responsible for hypophosphatemia, acti­vation of the renal 1 a-25(OH)2 vitamin D3 hydroxylase and par­tial inhibition of PTH secretion. The associated hypercalciuria would ensue from [...]

Bisphosphonates are widely used to prevent osteoporosis and, among these, alendronate and risedronate, exhibit a favourable efficacy/safety profile over long-term use. Theoretically, if increased bone resorption partly explained id- iopathic hypercalciuria, it follows that drugs capable of reduc­ing the rate of bone turnover should also have some effect on calcium excretion. Alendronate, 20 mg daily, [...]

Citrate supplementation, as alkaline potassium salt, was for­merly introduced in the treatment of distal renal tubular acido- sis and subsequently extended to idiopathic hypocitraturic calcium nephrolithiasis. Regardless of the accompanying cation (sodium, potassium, magnesium) citrate salts exhibit di­rect effects on calcium excretion, acting by two distinct mecha­nisms: first, citrate anion is a strong ligand of [...]