In 2001, the U.S. Public Health Service (PHS) updated its 1995 guidelines for routine human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) counseling and voluntary testing of pregnant women. The new guidelines differ from earlier guidelines in that they emphasize HIV (Medication Viramune treating HIV infection) testing as a routine part of prenatal care and strengthen the recommendation that all [...]

These data show that minority races and ethnicities continue to be disproportionately affected by the HIV epidemic. We found notably higher numbers and rates of HIV/AIDS and AIDS diagnoses among the black population. Race and ethnicity are not risk factors for HIV infection but may be markers for socioeconomic factors, such as poverty, underemployment and [...]